Rajaraja Cholan the Great, occupies the foremost place in the history of the later Cholas. Vijayalaya Cholan(AD 846-871) was the founder of the later Chola dynasty.

Thanjavur District is the Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu.  The Big Temple and the other famous temples in the district are known all over the world.   Thanjavur was the cultural capital of the country in 1790. Thanjavur gained prominence during the period of Chola Kings, who made it as their capital.  Thereafter, it was ruled by Nayaks  and Maratta Kings, who nurtured art and culture.  The cultural, the architectural and the scholarly pursuits of these rulers are reflected in the great monuments like Grand Anaicut, Big Temple and Serfoji Mahal Library etc.  in the district.  

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Sri Thiagaraja Swamy (A.D 1767-1847). The life and work of Thiagaraja, the bard of Tiruvaiyaru, is a miracle of miracles. For no musician, with exception of Purandaradasa, revolutionized and gave direction to Indian music as he did.
The Tavil is the main percussion instrument for the Nagaswaram. It is a double-headed barrel-haped drum which is hollowed out of a solid block of wood.
Tanjore metal plate, Three metals --- silver, brass, and copper -- are encrusted on to each other to create this unusual object.
Tanjore painting is an important form of classical South Indian painting native to the town of Tanjore in Tamil Nadu. The art form dates back to the early 9th Century, a period dominated by the Chola rulers, who encouraged art and literature.
Veenai is played with great prefection by the hightly talented artists of thanjavur.
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